major update prepared for ch17

README.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 ## 状态
 
-施工完毕。
+- 新增 ch17 async & await 施工中
 
 PS:
 

book.toml

@@ -1,11 +1,19 @@
 [book]
 title = "Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版"
-authors = ["Steve Klabnik 和 Carol Nichols，以及来自 Rust 社区的贡献（Rust 中文社区翻译）"]
-description = "Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版"
-language = "zh-CN"
+authors = [
+    "Steve Klabnik",
+    "Carol Nichols",
+    "Chris Krycho",
+    "来自 Rust 社区的贡献（Rust 中文社区翻译）",
+]
 
 [output.html]
-additional-css = ["ferris.css", "theme/2018-edition.css"]
+additional-css = [
+    "ferris.css",
+    "theme/2018-edition.css",
+    "theme/semantic-notes.css",
+    "theme/listing.css",
+]
 additional-js = ["ferris.js"]
 git-repository-url = "https://github.com/KaiserY/trpl-zh-cn/tree/main"
 edit-url-template = "https://github.com/KaiserY/trpl-zh-cn/edit/main/{path}"
@@ -13,3 +21,6 @@ edit-url-template = "https://github.com/KaiserY/trpl-zh-cn/edit/main/{path}"
 [output.typst-pdf]
 pdf = true
 section-number = true
+
+[rust]
+edition = "2021"

listings/ch02-guessing-game-tutorial/listing-02-04/output.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,10 @@
 $ cargo build
+ Downloading crates ...
+  Downloaded rand_core v0.6.2
+  Downloaded getrandom v0.2.2
+  Downloaded rand_chacha v0.3.0
+  Downloaded ppv-lite86 v0.2.10
+  Downloaded libc v0.2.86
    Compiling libc v0.2.86
    Compiling getrandom v0.2.2
    Compiling cfg-if v1.0.0
@@ -18,7 +24,7 @@ error[E0308]: mismatched types
    = note: expected reference `&String`
               found reference `&{integer}`
 note: method defined here
-  --> /rustc/9b00956e56009bab2aa15d7bff10916599e3d6d6/library/core/src/cmp.rs:836:8
+  --> /rustc/eeb90cda1969383f56a2637cbd3037bdf598841c/library/core/src/cmp.rs:839:8
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0308`.
 error: could not compile `guessing_game` (bin "guessing_game") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch03-common-programming-concepts/no-listing-01-variables-are-immutable/output.txt

@@ -4,13 +4,15 @@ error[E0384]: cannot assign twice to immutable variable `x`
  --> src/main.rs:4:5
   |
 2 |     let x = 5;
-  |         -
-  |         |
-  |         first assignment to `x`
-  |         help: consider making this binding mutable: `mut x`
+  |         - first assignment to `x`
 3 |     println!("The value of x is: {x}");
 4 |     x = 6;
   |     ^^^^^ cannot assign twice to immutable variable
+  |
+help: consider making this binding mutable
+  |
+2 |     let mut x = 5;
+  |         +++
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0384`.
 error: could not compile `variables` (bin "variables") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/listing-04-03/src/main.rs

@@ -14,10 +14,10 @@ fn main() {
   // 没有特殊之处
 
 fn takes_ownership(some_string: String) { // some_string 进入作用域
-    println!("{}", some_string);
+    println!("{some_string}");
 } // 这里，some_string 移出作用域并调用 `drop` 方法。
   // 占用的内存被释放
 
 fn makes_copy(some_integer: i32) { // some_integer 进入作用域
-    println!("{}", some_integer);
+    println!("{some_integer}");
 } // 这里，some_integer 移出作用域。没有特殊之处

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/listing-04-05/src/main.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let (s2, len) = calculate_length(s1);
 
-    println!("The length of '{}' is {}.", s2, len);
+    println!("The length of '{s2}' is {len}.");
 }
 
 fn calculate_length(s: String) -> (String, usize) {

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-01-can-mutate-string/src/main.rs

@@ -4,6 +4,6 @@ fn main() {
 
     s.push_str(", world!"); // push_str() 在字符串后追加字面值
 
-    println!("{}", s); // 将打印 `hello, world!`
+    println!("{s}"); // 将打印 `hello, world!`
                      // ANCHOR_END: here
 }

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-04b-replacement-drop/Cargo.lock

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+[[package]]
+name = "ownership"
+version = "0.1.0"
+

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-04b-replacement-drop/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+[package]
+name = "ownership"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-04b-replacement-drop/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+fn main() {
+    // ANCHOR: here
+    let mut s = String::from("hello");
+    s = String::from("ahoy");
+
+    println!("{s}, world!");
+    // ANCHOR_END: here
+}

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-08-reference-with-annotations/src/main.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ fn main() {
 
     let len = calculate_length(&s1);
 
-    println!("The length of '{}' is {}.", s1, len);
+    println!("The length of '{s1}' is {len}.");
 }
 
 // ANCHOR: here

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-13-reference-scope-ends/src/main.rs

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ fn main() {
 
     let r1 = &s; // 没问题
     let r2 = &s; // 没问题
-    println!("{} and {}", r1, r2);
+    println!("{r1} and {r2}");
     // 此位置之后 r1 和 r2 不再使用
 
     let r3 = &mut s; // 没问题
-    println!("{}", r3);
+    println!("{r3}");
     // ANCHOR_END: here
 }

listings/ch04-understanding-ownership/no-listing-19-slice-error/src/main.rs

@@ -18,6 +18,6 @@ fn main() {
 
     s.clear(); // 错误！
 
-    println!("the first word is: {}", word);
+    println!("the first word is: {word}");
 }
 // ANCHOR_END: here

listings/ch06-enums-and-pattern-matching/no-listing-07-cant-use-option-directly/output.txt

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ error[E0277]: cannot add `Option<i8>` to `i8`
   |
   = help: the trait `Add<Option<i8>>` is not implemented for `i8`
   = help: the following other types implement trait `Add<Rhs>`:
-            <i8 as Add>
-            <i8 as Add<&i8>>
-            <&'a i8 as Add<i8>>
-            <&i8 as Add<&i8>>
+            `&'a i8` implements `Add<i8>`
+            `&i8` implements `Add<&i8>`
+            `i8` implements `Add<&i8>`
+            `i8` implements `Add`
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
 error: could not compile `enums` (bin "enums") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch06-enums-and-pattern-matching/no-listing-10-non-exhaustive-match/output.txt

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ error[E0004]: non-exhaustive patterns: `None` not covered
   |               ^ pattern `None` not covered
   |
 note: `Option<i32>` defined here
- --> /rustc/9b00956e56009bab2aa15d7bff10916599e3d6d6/library/core/src/option.rs:572:1
- ::: /rustc/9b00956e56009bab2aa15d7bff10916599e3d6d6/library/core/src/option.rs:576:5
+ --> /rustc/eeb90cda1969383f56a2637cbd3037bdf598841c/library/core/src/option.rs:574:1
+ ::: /rustc/eeb90cda1969383f56a2637cbd3037bdf598841c/library/core/src/option.rs:578:5
   |
   = note: not covered
   = note: the matched value is of type `Option<i32>`

listings/ch09-error-handling/listing-09-10/output.txt

@@ -9,6 +9,14 @@ error[E0277]: the `?` operator can only be used in a function that returns `Resu
   |                                                ^ cannot use the `?` operator in a function that returns `()`
   |
   = help: the trait `FromResidual<Result<Infallible, std::io::Error>>` is not implemented for `()`
+help: consider adding return type
+  |
+3 ~ fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+4 |     let greeting_file = File::open("hello.txt")?;
+5 + 
+6 +     Ok(())
+7 + }
+  |
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
 error: could not compile `error-handling` (bin "error-handling") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch10-generic-types-traits-and-lifetimes/listing-10-20/output.txt

@@ -12,23 +12,5 @@ help: consider introducing a named lifetime parameter
 9 | fn longest<'a>(x: &'a str, y: &'a str) -> &'a str {
   |           ++++     ++          ++          ++
 
-error: lifetime may not live long enough
-  --> src/main.rs:11:9
-   |
-9  | fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str {
-   |               - let's call the lifetime of this reference `'1`
-10 |     if x.len() > y.len() {
-11 |         x
-   |         ^ returning this value requires that `'1` must outlive `'static`
-
-error: lifetime may not live long enough
-  --> src/main.rs:13:9
-   |
-9  | fn longest(x: &str, y: &str) -> &str {
-   |                        - let's call the lifetime of this reference `'2`
-...
-13 |         y
-   |         ^ returning this value requires that `'2` must outlive `'static`
-
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0106`.
-error: could not compile `chapter10` (bin "chapter10") due to 3 previous errors
+error: could not compile `chapter10` (bin "chapter10") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-03/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// ANCHOR: here
 pub fn add(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
     left + right
 }
@@ -18,4 +17,3 @@ mod tests {
         panic!("Make this test fail");
     }
 }
-// ANCHOR_END: here

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-05/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-// ANCHOR: here
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Rectangle {
     width: u32,
@@ -10,4 +9,3 @@ impl Rectangle {
         self.width > other.width && self.height > other.height
     }
 }
-// ANCHOR_END: here

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-07/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     a + 2
 }
 
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn it_adds_two() {
-        assert_eq!(4, add_two(2));
+        let result = add_two(2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-10/output.txt

@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ failures:
 I got the value 8
 thread 'tests::this_test_will_fail' panicked at src/lib.rs:19:9:
 assertion `left == right` failed
-  left: 5
- right: 10
+  left: 10
+ right: 5
 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
 
 

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-10/src/lib.rs

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn this_test_will_pass() {
         let value = prints_and_returns_10(4);
-        assert_eq!(10, value);
+        assert_eq!(value, 10);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn this_test_will_fail() {
         let value = prints_and_returns_10(8);
-        assert_eq!(5, value);
+        assert_eq!(value, 5);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-11/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     a + 2
 }
 
@@ -8,16 +8,19 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn add_two_and_two() {
-        assert_eq!(4, add_two(2));
+        let result = add_two(2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn add_three_and_two() {
-        assert_eq!(5, add_two(3));
+        let result = add_two(3);
+        assert_eq!(result, 5);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn one_hundred() {
-        assert_eq!(102, add_two(100));
+        let result = add_two(100);
+        assert_eq!(result, 102);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-12/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     internal_adder(a, 2)
 }
 
-fn internal_adder(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    a + b
+fn internal_adder(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn internal() {
-        assert_eq!(4, internal_adder(2, 2));
+        let result = internal_adder(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-13/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     internal_adder(a, 2)
 }
 
-fn internal_adder(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    a + b
+fn internal_adder(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn internal() {
-        assert_eq!(4, internal_adder(2, 2));
+        let result = internal_adder(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/listing-11-13/tests/integration_test.rs

@@ -2,5 +2,6 @@ use adder::add_two;
 
 #[test]
 fn it_adds_two() {
-    assert_eq!(4, add_two(2));
+    let result = add_two(2);
+    assert_eq!(result, 4);
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-04-bug-in-add-two/output.txt

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ test tests::it_adds_two ... FAILED
 failures:
 
 ---- tests::it_adds_two stdout ----
-thread 'tests::it_adds_two' panicked at src/lib.rs:11:9:
+thread 'tests::it_adds_two' panicked at src/lib.rs:12:9:
 assertion `left == right` failed
-  left: 4
- right: 5
+  left: 5
+ right: 4
 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
 
 

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-04-bug-in-add-two/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 // ANCHOR: here
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     a + 3
 }
 // ANCHOR_END: here
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn it_adds_two() {
-        assert_eq!(4, add_two(2));
+        let result = add_two(2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-07-custom-failure-message/src/lib.rs

@@ -12,8 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
         let result = greeting("Carol");
         assert!(
             result.contains("Carol"),
-            "Greeting did not contain name, value was `{}`",
-            result
+            "Greeting did not contain name, value was `{result}`"
         );
     }
     // ANCHOR_END: here

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-11-ignore-a-test/output.txt

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ $ cargo test
      Running unittests src/lib.rs (target/debug/deps/adder-92948b65e88960b4)
 
 running 2 tests
-test expensive_test ... ignored
-test it_works ... ok
+test tests::expensive_test ... ignored
+test tests::it_works ... ok
 
 test result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 1 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 0.00s
 

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-11-ignore-a-test/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,22 @@
-#[test]
-fn it_works() {
-    assert_eq!(2 + 2, 4);
+pub fn add(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
-#[test]
-#[ignore]
-fn expensive_test() {
+// ANCHOR: here
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn it_works() {
+        let result = add(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore]
+    fn expensive_test() {
         // 需要运行一个小时的代码
+    }
 }
+// ANCHOR_END: here

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-12-shared-test-code-problem/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     internal_adder(a, 2)
 }
 
-fn internal_adder(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    a + b
+fn internal_adder(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn internal() {
-        assert_eq!(4, internal_adder(2, 2));
+        let result = internal_adder(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-12-shared-test-code-problem/tests/integration_test.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-use adder;
+use adder::add_two;
 
 #[test]
 fn it_adds_two() {
-    assert_eq!(4, adder::add_two(2));
+    let result = add_two(2);
+    assert_eq!(result, 4);
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-13-fix-shared-test-code-problem/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     internal_adder(a, 2)
 }
 
-fn internal_adder(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    a + b
+fn internal_adder(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn internal() {
-        assert_eq!(4, internal_adder(2, 2));
+        let result = internal_adder(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/no-listing-13-fix-shared-test-code-problem/tests/integration_test.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
-use adder;
+use adder::add_two;
 
 mod common;
 
 #[test]
 fn it_adds_two() {
     common::setup();
-    assert_eq!(4, adder::add_two(2));
+
+    let result = add_two(2);
+    assert_eq!(result, 4);
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/output-only-01-show-output/output.txt

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ failures:
 I got the value 8
 thread 'tests::this_test_will_fail' panicked at src/lib.rs:19:9:
 assertion `left == right` failed
-  left: 5
- right: 10
+  left: 10
+ right: 5
 note: run with `RUST_BACKTRACE=1` environment variable to display a backtrace
 
 

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/output-only-01-show-output/src/lib.rs

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn this_test_will_pass() {
         let value = prints_and_returns_10(4);
-        assert_eq!(10, value);
+        assert_eq!(value, 10);
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn this_test_will_fail() {
         let value = prints_and_returns_10(8);
-        assert_eq!(5, value);
+        assert_eq!(value, 5);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/output-only-05-single-integration/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
-pub fn add_two(a: i32) -> i32 {
+pub fn add_two(a: usize) -> usize {
     internal_adder(a, 2)
 }
 
-fn internal_adder(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
-    a + b
+fn internal_adder(left: usize, right: usize) -> usize {
+    left + right
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn internal() {
-        assert_eq!(4, internal_adder(2, 2));
+        let result = internal_adder(2, 2);
+        assert_eq!(result, 4);
     }
 }

listings/ch11-writing-automated-tests/output-only-05-single-integration/tests/integration_test.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-use adder;
+use adder::add_two;
 
 #[test]
 fn it_adds_two() {
-    assert_eq!(4, adder::add_two(2));
+    let result = add_two(2);
+    assert_eq!(result, 4);
 }

listings/ch13-functional-features/listing-13-04/output.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 $ cargo run
+     Locking 1 package to latest compatible version
+      Adding closure-example v0.1.0 (/Users/chris/dev/rust-lang/book/tmp/listings/ch13-functional-features/listing-13-04)
    Compiling closure-example v0.1.0 (file:///projects/closure-example)
     Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.43s
      Running `target/debug/closure-example`

listings/ch13-functional-features/listing-13-05/output.txt

@@ -1,4 +1,6 @@
 $ cargo run
+     Locking 1 package to latest compatible version
+      Adding closure-example v0.1.0 (/Users/chris/dev/rust-lang/book/tmp/listings/ch13-functional-features/listing-13-05)
    Compiling closure-example v0.1.0 (file:///projects/closure-example)
     Finished `dev` profile [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.43s
      Running `target/debug/closure-example`

listings/ch13-functional-features/listing-13-08/output.txt

@@ -10,6 +10,11 @@ error[E0507]: cannot move out of `value`, a captured variable in an `FnMut` clos
    |                      --- captured by this `FnMut` closure
 18 |         sort_operations.push(value);
    |                              ^^^^^ move occurs because `value` has type `String`, which does not implement the `Copy` trait
+   |
+help: consider cloning the value if the performance cost is acceptable
+   |
+18 |         sort_operations.push(value.clone());
+   |                                   ++++++++
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0507`.
 error: could not compile `rectangles` (bin "rectangles") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch14-more-about-cargo/output-only-02-add-one/add/add_one/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+[package]
+name = "add_one"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]

listings/ch15-smart-pointers/listing-15-21/output.txt

@@ -6,10 +6,14 @@ error[E0596]: cannot borrow `self.sent_messages` as mutable, as it is behind a `
 58 |             self.sent_messages.push(String::from(message));
    |             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ `self` is a `&` reference, so the data it refers to cannot be borrowed as mutable
    |
-help: consider changing this to be a mutable reference
+help: consider changing this to be a mutable reference in the `impl` method and the `trait` definition
+   |
+2  ~     fn send(&mut self, msg: &str);
+3  | }
+...
+56 |     impl Messenger for MockMessenger {
+57 ~         fn send(&mut self, message: &str) {
    |
-2  |     fn send(&mut self, msg: &str);
-   |             ~~~~~~~~~
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0596`.
 error: could not compile `limit-tracker` (lib test) due to 1 previous error

listings/ch16-fearless-concurrency/listing-16-09/output.txt

@@ -11,10 +11,6 @@ error[E0382]: borrow of moved value: `val`
    |                          ^^^^^ value borrowed here after move
    |
    = note: this error originates in the macro `$crate::format_args_nl` which comes from the expansion of the macro `println` (in Nightly builds, run with -Z macro-backtrace for more info)
-help: consider cloning the value if the performance cost is acceptable
-   |
-9  |         tx.send(val.clone()).unwrap();
-   |                    ++++++++
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0382`.
 error: could not compile `message-passing` (bin "message-passing") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch16-fearless-concurrency/listing-16-13/output.txt

@@ -6,11 +6,21 @@ error[E0382]: borrow of moved value: `counter`
 5  |     let counter = Mutex::new(0);
    |         ------- move occurs because `counter` has type `Mutex<i32>`, which does not implement the `Copy` trait
 ...
+8  |     for _ in 0..10 {
+   |     -------------- inside of this loop
 9  |         let handle = thread::spawn(move || {
    |                                    ------- value moved into closure here, in previous iteration of loop
 ...
 21 |     println!("Result: {}", *counter.lock().unwrap());
    |                             ^^^^^^^ value borrowed here after move
+   |
+help: consider moving the expression out of the loop so it is only moved once
+   |
+8  ~     let mut value = counter.lock();
+9  ~     for _ in 0..10 {
+10 |         let handle = thread::spawn(move || {
+11 ~             let mut num = value.unwrap();
+   |
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0382`.
 error: could not compile `shared-state` (bin "shared-state") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch16-fearless-concurrency/listing-16-14/output.txt

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ note: required because it's used within this closure
 11 |         let handle = thread::spawn(move || {
    |                                    ^^^^^^^
 note: required by a bound in `spawn`
-  --> /rustc/9b00956e56009bab2aa15d7bff10916599e3d6d6/library/std/src/thread/mod.rs:677:1
+  --> /rustc/eeb90cda1969383f56a2637cbd3037bdf598841c/library/std/src/thread/mod.rs:688:1
 
 For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0277`.
 error: could not compile `shared-state` (bin "shared-state") due to 1 previous error

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-01/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-01/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+fn main() {
+    // TODO: we'll add this next!
+}
+
+// ANCHOR: all
+use trpl::Html;
+
+async fn page_title(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let response = trpl::get(url).await;
+    let response_text = response.text().await;
+    Html::parse(&response_text)
+        .select_first("title")
+        .map(|title_element| title_element.inner_html())
+}
+// ANCHOR_END: all

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-02/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-02/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use trpl::Html;
+
+fn main() {
+    // TODO: we'll add this next!
+}
+
+async fn page_title(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    // ANCHOR: chaining
+    let response_text = trpl::get(url).await.text().await;
+    // ANCHOR_END: chaining
+    Html::parse(&response_text)
+        .select_first("title")
+        .map(|title_element| title_element.inner_html())
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-03/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-03/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use trpl::Html;
+
+// ANCHOR: main
+async fn main() {
+    let args: Vec<String> = std::env::args().collect();
+    let url = &args[1];
+    match page_title(url).await {
+        Some(title) => println!("The title for {url} was {title}"),
+        None => println!("{url} had no title"),
+    }
+}
+// ANCHOR_END: main
+
+async fn page_title(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let response_text = trpl::get(url).await.text().await;
+    Html::parse(&response_text)
+        .select_first("title")
+        .map(|title_element| title_element.inner_html())
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-04/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-04/output.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+$ cargo run "http://www.rust-lang.org"
+The title for http://www.rust-lang.org was
+            Rust Programming Language

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-04/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use trpl::Html;
+
+// ANCHOR: run
+fn main() {
+    let args: Vec<String> = std::env::args().collect();
+
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let url = &args[1];
+        match page_title(url).await {
+            Some(title) => println!("The title for {url} was {title}"),
+            None => println!("{url} had no title"),
+        }
+    })
+}
+// ANCHOR_END: run
+
+async fn page_title(url: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let response_text = trpl::get(url).await.text().await;
+    Html::parse(&response_text)
+        .select_first("title")
+        .map(|title_element| title_element.inner_html())
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-05/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-05/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+// ANCHOR: all
+use trpl::{Either, Html};
+
+fn main() {
+    let args: Vec<String> = std::env::args().collect();
+
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let title_fut_1 = page_title(&args[1]);
+        let title_fut_2 = page_title(&args[2]);
+
+        let (url, maybe_title) =
+            match trpl::race(title_fut_1, title_fut_2).await {
+                Either::Left(left) => left,
+                Either::Right(right) => right,
+            };
+
+        println!("{url} returned first");
+        match maybe_title {
+            Some(title) => println!("Its page title is: '{title}'"),
+            None => println!("Its title could not be parsed."),
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+async fn page_title(url: &str) -> (&str, Option<String>) {
+    let text = trpl::get(url).await.text().await;
+    let title = Html::parse(&text)
+        .select_first("title")
+        .map(|title| title.inner_html());
+    (url, title)
+}
+// ANCHOR_END: all

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-06/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-06/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+// ANCHOR: all
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        trpl::spawn_task(async {
+            for i in 1..10 {
+                println!("hi number {i} from the first task!");
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        });
+
+        for i in 1..5 {
+            println!("hi number {i} from the second task!");
+            trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+        }
+    });
+}
+// ANCHOR_END: all

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-07/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-07/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: handle
+        let handle = trpl::spawn_task(async {
+            for i in 1..10 {
+                println!("hi number {i} from the first task!");
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        });
+
+        for i in 1..5 {
+            println!("hi number {i} from the second task!");
+            trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+        }
+
+        handle.await.unwrap();
+        // ANCHOR_END: handle
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-08/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-08/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: join
+        let fut1 = async {
+            for i in 1..10 {
+                println!("hi number {i} from the first task!");
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let fut2 = async {
+            for i in 1..5 {
+                println!("hi number {i} from the second task!");
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        trpl::join(fut1, fut2).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: join
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-09/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-09/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: channel
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let val = String::from("hi");
+        tx.send(val).unwrap();
+
+        let received = rx.recv().await.unwrap();
+        println!("Got: {received}");
+        // ANCHOR_END: channel
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-10/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-10/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: many-messages
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let vals = vec![
+            String::from("hi"),
+            String::from("from"),
+            String::from("the"),
+            String::from("future"),
+        ];
+
+        for val in vals {
+            tx.send(val).unwrap();
+            trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+        }
+
+        while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+            println!("received '{value}'");
+        }
+        // ANCHOR_END: many-messages
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-11/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-11/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        // ANCHOR: futures
+        let tx_fut = async {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        trpl::join(tx_fut, rx_fut).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: futures
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-12/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-12/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: with-move
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                eprintln!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        trpl::join(tx_fut, rx_fut).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: with-move
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-13/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-13/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        // ANCHOR: here
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx1 = tx.clone();
+        let tx1_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx1.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("more"),
+                String::from("messages"),
+                String::from("for"),
+                String::from("you"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_millis(1500)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        trpl::join3(tx1_fut, tx_fut, rx_fut).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: here
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-14/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-14/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx1 = tx.clone();
+        let tx1_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx1.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("more"),
+                String::from("messages"),
+                String::from("for"),
+                String::from("you"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // ANCHOR: here
+        trpl::join!(tx1_fut, tx_fut, rx_fut);
+        // ANCHOR_END: here
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-15/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-15/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx1 = tx.clone();
+        let tx1_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx1.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("more"),
+                String::from("messages"),
+                String::from("for"),
+                String::from("you"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // ANCHOR: here
+        let futures = vec![tx1_fut, rx_fut, tx_fut];
+
+        trpl::join_all(futures).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: here
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-16/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-16/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx1 = tx.clone();
+        let tx1_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx1.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("more"),
+                String::from("messages"),
+                String::from("for"),
+                String::from("you"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // ANCHOR: here
+        let futures =
+            vec![Box::new(tx1_fut), Box::new(rx_fut), Box::new(tx_fut)];
+
+        trpl::join_all(futures).await;
+        // ANCHOR_END: here
+    });
+}

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-17/Cargo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+[package]
+name = "async_await"
+version = "0.1.0"
+edition = "2021"
+
+# See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html
+
+[dependencies]
+trpl = { path = "../../../packages/trpl" }

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-17/output.txt

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+$ 

listings/ch17-async-await/listing-17-17/src/main.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+extern crate trpl; // required for mdbook test
+
+use std::{future::Future, time::Duration};
+
+fn main() {
+    trpl::run(async {
+        let (tx, mut rx) = trpl::channel();
+
+        let tx1 = tx.clone();
+        let tx1_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("hi"),
+                String::from("from"),
+                String::from("the"),
+                String::from("future"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx1.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let rx_fut = async {
+            while let Some(value) = rx.recv().await {
+                println!("received '{value}'");
+            }
+        };
+
+        let tx_fut = async move {
+            let vals = vec![
+                String::from("more"),
+                String::from("messages"),
+                String::from("for"),
+                String::from("you"),
+            ];
+
+            for val in vals {
+                tx.send(val).unwrap();
+                trpl::sleep(Duration::from_secs(1)).await;
+            }
+        };
+
+        // ANCHOR: here
+        let futures: Vec<Box<dyn Future<Output = ()>>> =
+            vec![Box::new(tx1_fut), Box::new(rx_fut), Box::new(tx_fut)];
+        // ANCHOR_END: here
+
+        trpl::join_all(futures).await;
+    });
+}