mirror of
https://github.com/KaiserY/trpl-zh-cn
synced 2024-11-09 00:43:59 +08:00
126 lines
9.5 KiB
HTML
126 lines
9.5 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
|
||
<html lang="en">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<title>错误处理 - Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</title>
|
||
<meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
|
||
<meta name="description" content="Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|
||
|
||
<base href="">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="book.css">
|
||
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300italic,400italic,600italic,700italic,800italic,400,300,600,700,800' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
|
||
|
||
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="favicon.png">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Font Awesome -->
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.3.0/css/font-awesome.min.css">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="highlight.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="tomorrow-night.css">
|
||
|
||
<!-- MathJax -->
|
||
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Fetch JQuery from CDN but have a local fallback -->
|
||
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script>
|
||
if (typeof jQuery == 'undefined') {
|
||
document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='jquery.js'%3E%3C/script%3E"));
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body class="light">
|
||
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
var theme = localStorage.getItem('theme');
|
||
if (theme == null) { theme = 'light'; }
|
||
$('body').removeClass().addClass(theme);
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
|
||
<script type="text/javascript">
|
||
var sidebar = localStorage.getItem('sidebar');
|
||
if (sidebar === "hidden") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-hidden") }
|
||
else if (sidebar === "visible") { $("html").addClass("sidebar-visible") }
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<div id="sidebar" class="sidebar">
|
||
<ul class="chapter"><li><a href="ch01-00-introduction.html"><strong>1.</strong> 介绍</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch01-01-installation.html"><strong>1.1.</strong> 安装</a></li><li><a href="ch01-02-hello-world.html"><strong>1.2.</strong> Hello, World!</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch02-00-guessing-game-tutorial.html"><strong>2.</strong> 猜猜看教程</a></li><li><a href="ch03-00-common-programming-concepts.html"><strong>3.</strong> 通用编程概念</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html"><strong>3.1.</strong> 变量和可变性</a></li><li><a href="ch03-02-data-types.html"><strong>3.2.</strong> 数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch03-03-how-functions-work.html"><strong>3.3.</strong> 函数如何工作</a></li><li><a href="ch03-04-comments.html"><strong>3.4.</strong> 注释</a></li><li><a href="ch03-05-control-flow.html"><strong>3.5.</strong> 控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html"><strong>4.</strong> 认识所有权</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch04-01-what-is-ownership.html"><strong>4.1.</strong> 什么是所有权</a></li><li><a href="ch04-02-references-and-borrowing.html"><strong>4.2.</strong> 引用 & 借用</a></li><li><a href="ch04-03-slices.html"><strong>4.3.</strong> Slices</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch05-00-structs.html"><strong>5.</strong> 结构体</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch05-01-method-syntax.html"><strong>5.1.</strong> 方法语法</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch06-00-enums.html"><strong>6.</strong> 枚举和模式匹配</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch06-01-defining-an-enum.html"><strong>6.1.</strong> 定义枚举</a></li><li><a href="ch06-02-match.html"><strong>6.2.</strong> <code>match</code>控制流运算符</a></li><li><a href="ch06-03-if-let.html"><strong>6.3.</strong> <code>if let</code>简单控制流</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch07-00-modules.html"><strong>7.</strong> 模块</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch07-01-mod-and-the-filesystem.html"><strong>7.1.</strong> <code>mod</code>和文件系统</a></li><li><a href="ch07-02-controlling-visibility-with-pub.html"><strong>7.2.</strong> 使用<code>pub</code>控制可见性</a></li><li><a href="ch07-03-importing-names-with-use.html"><strong>7.3.</strong> 使用<code>use</code>导入命名</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch08-00-common-collections.html"><strong>8.</strong> 通用集合类型</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch08-01-vectors.html"><strong>8.1.</strong> vector</a></li><li><a href="ch08-02-strings.html"><strong>8.2.</strong> 字符串</a></li><li><a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html"><strong>8.3.</strong> 哈希 map</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch09-00-error-handling.html" class="active"><strong>9.</strong> 错误处理</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html"><strong>9.1.</strong> <code>panic!</code>与不可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html"><strong>9.2.</strong> <code>Result</code>与可恢复的错误</a></li><li><a href="ch09-03-to-panic-or-not-to-panic.html"><strong>9.3.</strong> <code>panic!</code>还是不<code>panic!</code></a></li></ul></li><li><a href="ch10-00-generics.html"><strong>10.</strong> 泛型、trait 和生命周期</a></li><li><ul class="section"><li><a href="ch10-01-syntax.html"><strong>10.1.</strong> 泛型数据类型</a></li><li><a href="ch10-02-traits.html"><strong>10.2.</strong> trait：定义共享的行为</a></li><li><a href="ch10-03-lifetime-syntax.html"><strong>10.3.</strong> 生命周期与引用有效性</a></li></ul></li></ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
|
||
|
||
<div class="page">
|
||
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar">
|
||
<div class="left-buttons">
|
||
<i id="sidebar-toggle" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
||
<i id="theme-toggle" class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<h1 class="menu-title">Rust 程序设计语言 简体中文版</h1>
|
||
|
||
<div class="right-buttons">
|
||
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print" title="Print this book"></i>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="content" class="content">
|
||
<a class="header" href="#错误处理" name="错误处理"><h1>错误处理</h1></a>
|
||
<blockquote>
|
||
<p><a href="https://github.com/rust-lang/book/blob/master/src/ch09-00-error-handling.md">ch09-00-error-handling.md</a>
|
||
<br>
|
||
commit fc825966fabaa408067eb2df3aa45e4fa6644fb6</p>
|
||
</blockquote>
|
||
<p>Rust 对可靠性的执着也扩展到了错误处理。错误对于软件来说是不可避免的，所以 Rust 有很多功能来处理当现错误的情况。在很多情况下，Rust 要求你承认出错的可能性可能性并在编译代码之前就采取行动。通过确保不会只有在将代码部署到生产环境之后才会发现错误来使得程序更可靠。</p>
|
||
<p>Rust 将错误组合成两个主要类别：<strong>可恢复错误</strong>（<em>recoverable</em>）和<strong>不可恢复错误</strong>（<em>unrecoverable</em>）。可恢复错误通常代表向用户报告错误和重试操作是合理的情况，比如未找到文件。不可恢复错误通常是 bug 的同义词，比如尝试访问超过数组结尾的位置。</p>
|
||
<p>大部分语言并不区分这两类错误，并采用类似异常这样方式统一处理他们。Rust 并没有异常。相反，对于可恢复错误有<code>Result<T, E></code>值和<code>panic!</code>，它在遇到不可恢复错误时停止程序执行。这一章会首先介绍<code>panic!</code>调用，接着会讲到如何返回<code>Result<T, E></code>。最后，我们会讨论当决定是尝试从错误中恢复还是停止执行时需要顾及的权衡考虑。</p>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
|
||
|
||
<a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="ch08-03-hash-maps.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<a href="ch09-01-unrecoverable-errors-with-panic.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="You can navigate through the chapters using the arrow keys">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Local fallback for Font Awesome -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
if ($(".fa").css("font-family") !== "FontAwesome") {
|
||
$('<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="_FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">').prependTo('head');
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Livereload script (if served using the cli tool) -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script src="highlight.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="book.js"></script>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|